Paul H. Klingenstein has served as a member of our board since 2002. He is the managing partner of Aberdare Ventures, a venture capital firm which he founded in 1999. He has been a venture capital investor for most of his professional career. Beginning at Warburg, Pincus, a private equity fund, in the early 1980s and joined Accel Partners, a venture capital fund in 1986 and helped, through the next decade, to build a leading venture capital firm. Mr. Klingenstein is currently a director of several private companies. He received an A.B. from Harvard University and an M.B.A. from the Stanford Graduate School of Business.
Richard J. Markham has served as a member of our board since 2005. In November 2004, Mr. Markham joined Care Capital, a life sciences venture capital firm, as one of the firms' partners. From May 2002 to August 2004, Mr. Markham was the vice chairman of the management board and Chief Operating Officer of Aventis SA, a pharmaceutical company. From December 1999 to May 2002, he was the Chief Executive Officer of Aventis Pharma AG, a pharmaceutical company. Previously he was the Chief Executive Officer of Hoechst Marion Roussel, a pharmaceutical company, the President and Chief Operating Officer of Marion Merrell Dow, a pharmaceutical company, and a member of its board of directors. From 1973 to 1993 Mr. Markham was associated with Merck & Co., a pharmaceutical company, culminating in his position as President and Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Markham is currently a director of Acura Pharmaceuticals. Mr. Markham received a B.S. in Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences from Purdue University.
Mark Leschly, our Chairman, has served as a member of our board since 2002. Since July 1999, Mr. Leschly has been a Managing Partner with Rho Capital Partners, an investment and venture capital management company. Previously, Mr. Leschly was an Associate and then a General Partner of HealthCare Ventures, a venture capital management company, from 1994 through 1999. Mr. Leschly received an A.B. from Harvard University and an M.B.A. from Stanford Graduate School of Business. In addition to being a director of Verenium Corporation, NitroMed, Inc., Senomyx Inc. and Tercica, Inc., Mr. Leschly is on the board of a number of private companies.
Lucy Shapiro, Ph.D., one of our co-founders, has served as a member of our board since our inception in 2000. She is also the co-chair of our scientific advisory board. Dr. Shapiro, the Virginia and D.K. Ludwig Professor of Cancer Research and Director of the Beckman Center in the School of Medicine at Stanford University, has been at Stanford University since 1989. Dr. Shapiro is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences and has been elected to the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Microbiology, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences for her work in the fields of molecular biology and microbiology. She was elected to the American Philosophical Society and received the Selman Waksman Award from the National Academy of Sciences in 2005. She was a non-executive director of GlaxoSmithKline from 2001 to 2006. She received a B.S. from Brooklyn College and a Ph.D. in molecular biology from the Albert Einstein School of Medicine.
William J. Rieflin has served as a member of our board and chair of our Audit Committee since 2011. He is the Chief Executive Officer of NGM Biopharmaceuticals, a privately held biotechnology company. Previously, he was President of XenoPort, Inc. and currently serves on XenoPort's Board of Directors. Prior to that, he was Executive Vice President, Administration, Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel and Secretary for Tularik, Inc. which was acquired by Amgen, Inc. in 2004. Previously, he was Vice President, Human Resources, General Counsel and Secretary for AMSCO International, Inc. (NYSE: ASZ). He was also an associate at Sidley & Austin in the corporate and securities department. He began his career as a sales representative for American Hospital Supply Corporation. Mr. Rieflin earned his B.S. from Cornell University, his M.B.A. from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and his J.D. from Stanford Law School.
